NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which was enacted through the North Atlantic Treaty of April 4, 1949, shortly after World War II.
NATO is a military alliance with three main functions. First, it protects the freedoms of member countries though military defense strategies such as a "mutual defense" pact. Second, it provides security and protection for member nations. NATO has also assumed control of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, though Afghanistan is not a NATO member state. Finally, NATO functions as the transatlantic securities link between North America and Europe.
There are efforts to require approval from the United Nations Security Council before any NATO military strikes. Those in favor argue that it would help to regulate potential overuse of military force. Opponents suggest that requiring approval from the United Nations compromises defensive maneuvers and national sovereignty.
NATO is expected to grow from 26 to 29 member nations in 2009.
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