servers

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In the simplest of terms, servers are computer programs that run to serve other programs called clients, which connect to the servers via a network. Consequently, servers perform an array of tasks on the clients' request.

Physically, servers are computers which host one or several services that address the needs of other computers in the network. Depending on the type of service offered, servers can be classified as database servers, mail servers, file servers, print servers, web servers and more.


Servers can provide services across a private network (such as to private users within an organization) or to the public via the Internet. While any computer can act like a server, a dedicated server will usually contain features that make it more suitable for server-related tasks, such as faster CPU, high-performance RAM, and multiple, larger hard drives for more storage space.

Hardware requirements for dedicated servers may vary, depending on what the server is used for. Because servers are accessed from across a network, they don't usually need a monitor to keep everything running smoothly. A server's full resources are used to keep it functioning optimally, so processes that are not vital to the server's application are not used. Consequently, most servers don't have a GUI (graphical user interface), as one would consume resources that can otherwise be used by other processes. For similar reasons, audio and USB interfaces may also be removed.


Servers usually run without interruption for long periods of time, as users may continuously need to access them. When maintenance is performed, servers are taken offline for a period of time (usually a few hours at most).

Due to a server's unique demands, server-oriented operating systems will differ significantly from their user-oriented counterparts. Operating systems for servers may offer an optional GUI (or miss one entirely), the ability to reconfigure both hardware and software without needed to restart the system, advanced backup facilities that allow for frequent online backups, flexible networking capabilities and advanced system security.

At present, much of the structure of the Internet is based on the client-server model, with millions of currently operational servers that are connected to the Internet.

You'll find bloggers talking about servers at sites like blogs.nd.edu.

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